Human TGF-beta 1 Protein, CF

Name: Human TGF-beta 1 Protein, CF
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: 100-B/CF

R&D Systems | Catalog # 100-B/CF

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Citations (41)

Product Documents

Discontinued Product

100-B/CF has been discontinued. An alternative/replacement product is available: 7754-BH/CF, 240-B/CF. View all TGF-beta 1 products.

Product Specifications
Scientific Data
Preparation & Storage
Calculators
Background
Product Documents
Specific Notices
Research Areas

Key Product Details

Source

Human Platelets

Structure / Form

Disulfide-linked homodimer

Applications

Bioactivity

View all TGF-beta 1 Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Source

Human platelet-derived TGF-beta 1 protein
The human platelets used for the isolation of this product were certified by the supplier to be HIV-1 and HBsAg negative at the time of shipment. Human blood products should always be treated in accordance with universal handling precautions.

Purity

>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

SDS-PAGE

12 kDa, reducing conditions

Activity

Measured by its ability to inhibit the IL-4-dependent proliferation of HT‑2 mouse T cells. Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389.
The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.04-0.2 ng/mL.

Scientific Data Images for Human TGF-beta 1 Protein, CF

Human TGF-beta 1 Protein Bioactivity

Human TGF-beta 1 (Catalog # 100-B/CF) inhibits Recombinant Mouse IL-4 (Catalog # 404-ML) induced cell proliferation in the HT-2 mouse T cell line. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.04-0.2 ng/mL.

Human TGF-beta 1 Protein SDS-PAGE

1 μg/lane of Recombinant Human TGF-beta 1 was resolved with SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) and non-reducing (NR) conditions and visualized by silver staining, showing single bands at 12 kDa and 24 kDa, respectively.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

100-B/CF

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in Acetonitrile and TFA.
Reconstitution	For complete recovery, reconstitute at 10 μg/mL in sterile 4 mM HCl containing 1% human or bovine serum albumin. In the absence of a carrier protein, the percent recovery may vary.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Calculators

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

Volume (to add to vial)

Mass (in vial)

Desired Reconstitution Concentration

Background: TGF-beta 1

TGF-beta 1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cysteine knot structure (1-7). TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines that are proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (1-4). Each TGF-beta isoform has some non-redundant functions; for TGF-beta 1, mice with targeted deletion show defects in hematopoiesis and endothelial differentiation, and die of overwhelming inflammation (2). Human TGF-beta 1 cDNA encodes a 390 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 29 aa signal peptide and a 361 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N-terminal 249 aa latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa mature TGF- beta 1 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 1 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 1 complex (8-10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF-beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature human TGF-beta 1 shares 100% aa identity with pig, dog and cow TGF-beta 1, and 99% aa identity with mouse, rat and horse TGF-beta 1. It demonstrates cross-species activity (1). TGF-beta 1 signaling begins with high-affinity binding to a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF-beta RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates a second ser/thr kinase receptor, TGF-beta RI (also called activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) -5), or alternatively,
ALK‑1.This complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Contributions of the accessory receptors betaglycan (also known as TGF-beta RIII) and endoglin, or use of Smad-independent signaling pathways, allow for disparate actions observed in response to TGF-beta in different contexts (11).

References

Derynck, R. and K. Miyazono (2008) “TGF-beta and the TGF-beta Family” in The TGF-beta Family, Derynck, R. and K. Miyazono eds., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, p. 29.
Dunker, N. & K. Krieglstein, 2000, Eur. J. Biochem. 267:6982.
Wahl, S.M. (2006) Immunol. Rev. 213:213.
Chang, H. et al. (2002) Endocr. Rev. 23:787.
Lin, J.S. et al. (2006) Reproduction 132:179.
Hinck, A.P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8517.
Mittl, P.R.E. et al. (1996) Protein Sci. 5:1261.
Derynck, R. et al. (1985) Nature 316:701.
Miyazono, K. et al. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263:6407.
Oklu, R. and R. Hesketh (2000) Biochem. J. 352:601.
de Caestecker, M. et al. (2004) Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 15:1.
Zuniga, J.E. et al. (2005) J. Mol. Biol. 354:1052.