Recombinant Cotton Rat TNF-alpha Protein

Name: Recombinant Cotton Rat TNF-alpha Protein
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: 1011-CR
Price: 301 USD
Availability: InStock

R&D Systems | Catalog # 1011-CR

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Product Documents

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Product Specifications
Preparation & Storage
Calculators
Background
Product Documents
Specific Notices
Research Areas
Related Blogs

Key Product Details

R&D Systems E. coli-derived Recombinant Cotton Rat TNF-alpha Protein (1011-CR)
Quality control testing to verify active proteins with lot specific assays by in-house scientists
All R&D Systems proteins are covered with a 100% guarantee

Source

E. coli

Accession Number

AAL18818

Applications

Bioactivity

View all TNF-alpha Proteins and Enzymes »

Product Specifications

Source

E. coli-derived cotton rat TNF-alpha protein
Leu1-Leu156, with an N-terminal Met

Purity

>97%, by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions and visualized by silver stain.

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the protein by the LAL method.

N-terminal Sequence Analysis

Met

Predicted Molecular Mass

17.5 kDa

Activity

Measured in a cytotoxicity assay using L‑929 mouse fibroblast cells in the presence of the metabolic inhibitor actinomycin D. Matthews, N. and M.L. Neale (1987) in Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach. Clemens, M.J. et al. (eds): IRL Press. 221.
The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.03-0.12 ng/mL.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Carrier Free

What does CF mean?

CF stands for Carrier Free (CF). We typically add Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as a carrier protein to our recombinant proteins. Adding a carrier protein enhances protein stability, increases shelf-life, and allows the recombinant protein to be stored at a more dilute concentration. The carrier free version does not contain BSA.

What formulation is right for me?

In general, we advise purchasing the recombinant protein with BSA for use in cell or tissue culture, or as an ELISA standard. In contrast, the carrier free protein is recommended for applications, in which the presence of BSA could interfere.

Carrier: 1011-CR

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in NaH₂PO₄, NaCl and EDTA with BSA as a carrier protein.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 25 μg/mL in sterile PBS containing at least 0.1% human or bovine serum albumin.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Carrier Free: 1011-CR/CF

Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in NaH₂PO₄, NaCl and EDTA.
Reconstitution	Reconstitute at 100 μg/mL in sterile PBS.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage	Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied. 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. 3 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Calculators

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

Volume (to add to vial)

Mass (in vial)

Desired Reconstitution Concentration

Background: TNF-alpha

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha ), also known as cachectin and TNFSF2, is the prototypic ligand of the TNF superfamily. It is a pleiotropic molecule that plays a central role in inflammation, immune system development, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism (1, 2). The 156 amino acid (aa) cotton rat TNF-alpha is homologous to a portion of the extracellular domain (ECD) of TNF-alpha from other species (3). It shares 72%-87% with the ECD of bovine, canine, equine, feline, human, mouse, porcine, rat, and rhesus TNF-alpha. TNF-alpha is produced by a wide variety of immune, epithelial, endothelial, and tumor cells (1, 2). TNF-alpha is assembled intracellularly to form a noncovalently linked homotrimer which is expressed on the cell surface (4). Cell surface TNF-alpha can induce the lysis of neighboring tumor cells and virus infected cells, and it can generate its own downstream cell signaling following ligation by soluble TNFR I (2, 5). Shedding of membrane bound TNF-alpha by TACE/ADAM17 releases the bioactive cytokine, a 55 kDa soluble trimer of the TNF-alpha extracellular domain (6-8). TNF-alpha binds the ubiquitous 55-60 kDa TNF RI (9, 10) and the hematopoietic cell-restricted 80 kDa TNF RII (11, 12), both of which are also expressed as homotrimers (1, 2, 13). Both type I and type II receptors bind TNF-alpha with comparable affinity (14), although only TNF RI contains a cytoplasmic death domain which triggers the activation of apoptosis. Soluble forms of both types of receptors are released and can neutralize the biological activity of TNF-alpha (15).

References

Zelova, H. and J. Hosek (2013) Inflamm. Res. 62:641.
Juhasz, K. et al. (2013) Expert Rev. Clin. Immunol. 9:335.
Blanco, J.C. et al. (2004) J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 24:21.
Tang, P. et al. (1996) Biochemistry 35:8216.
Perez, C. et al. (1990) Cell 63:251.
Black, R.A. et al. (1997) Nature 385:729.
Moss, M.L. et al. (1997) Nature 385:733.
Gearing, A.J.H. et al. (1994) Nature 370:555.
Schall, T.J. et al. (1990) Cell 61:361.
Loetscher, H. et al. (1990) Cell 61:351.
Dembic, Z. et al. (1990) Cytokine 2:231.
Smith, C.A. et al. (1990) Science 248:1019.
Loetscher, H. et al. (1991) J. Biol. Chem. 266:18324.
Pinckard, J.K. et al. (1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272:10784.
Engelmann, H. et al. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265:1531.

Long Name

Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha

Alternate Names

Cachetin, DIF, TNF, TNF-A, TNFA, TNFalpha, TNFG1F, TNFSF1A, TNFSF2

Entrez Gene IDs

7124 (Human); 21926 (Mouse); 24835 (Rat); 397086 (Porcine); 280943 (Bovine); 403922 (Canine); 102139631 (Cynomolgus Monkey); 100033834 (Equine); 493755 (Feline); 100009088 (Rabbit)