Canine GM-CSF Biotinylated Antibody

Applications

Canine GM-CSF Sandwich Immunoassay

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Scientific Data

Immunocytochemistry View Larger

GM‑CSF in Canine PBMCs. GM-CSF was detected in immersion fixed canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with calcium ionomycin and PMA using Goat Anti-Canine GM-CSF Biotinylated Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # BAF1546) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Streptavidin (red; Catalog # NL999) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

Preparation and Storage

Background: GM-CSF

GM-CSF was initially characterized as a factor that can support the in vitro colony formation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors. It is also a growth factor for erythroid, megakaryocyte, and eosinophil progenitors. GM-CSF is produced by a number of different cell types (including T cells, B cells, macrophages, mast cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and adipocytes) in response to cytokine or inflammatory stimuli. On mature hematopoietic cells, GM-CSF is a survival factor for and activates the effector functions of granulocytes, monocytes/macrophages, and eosinophils (1, 2). GM-CSF promotes a Th1 biased immune response, angiogenesis, allergic inflammation, and the development of autoimmunity (3-5). It shows clinical effectiveness in ameliorating chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, and GM-CSF transfected tumor cells are utilized as cancer vaccines (6, 7). The 22 kDa glycosylated GM-CSF, similar to IL-3 and IL-5, is a cytokine with a core of four bundled
alpha ‑helices (8-10). Mature canine GM-CSF shares 49%‑57% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat GM-CSF and 69%‑72% with feline, human, and porcine
GM-CSF. GM-CSF exerts its biological effects through a heterodimeric receptor complex composed of GM-CSF R alpha /CD116 and the signal transducing common beta  chain (CD131) which is also a component of the high-affinity receptors for IL-3 and IL-5 (11, 12). In addition, GM-CSF binds a naturally occurring soluble form of GM‑CSF R alpha (13). The activity of GM-CSF is species specific between human and mouse, although human GM-CSF is active on canine cells (14, 15).

Product Datasheets

Related Research Areas

• Common beta Chain Receptor Family
• Cytokines and Receptors in Allergy and Asthma
• Cytokines and Receptors in Angiogenesis
• Dendritic Cell Development
• Gametes and Fertilization
• gamma delta T Cells
• Granulocyte Markers
• Hematopoiesis
• Hematopoietic Stem Cells
• Inflammatory Mediators
• Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Natural Killer Cells
• Macrophage Activation Markers
• Microglia Activation Markers
• Monocytes/Macrophages
• Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells (MDSC)
• Natural Killer T (NKT) Cells
• Search Cytokine and Growth Factor Products
• T Cell Cytokine Signaling