Mouse TSG-6 Antibody

Applications

Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.

Data Example

Immunocytochemistry View Larger

TSG‑6 in Mouse Splenocytes. TSG-6 was detected in immersion fixed mouse splenocytes using Goat Anti-Mouse TSG-6 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF2326) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cytoplasm. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.

Preparation and Storage

Background: TSG-6

TSG-6 (TNF-stimulated gene 6; also named TNFIP6) is a secreted, 35‑39 kDa group A member of the LINK-Module superfamily of proteins (1‑4). Mouse TSG-6 is synthesized as a 275 amino acid (aa) precursor. It contains a 17 aa signal sequence and a 258 aa mature region (5, 6). The mature region has an N-terminal link module (aa 36‑129) and a C-terminal CUB (C1s/C1r; urchin embryonic growth factor; BMP1) domain (aa 135‑246). Link modules bind hyaluronan (HA) and participate in extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly (7). Mature mouse TSG-6 shares 97%, 94% and 94% aa identity with rat, human and canine TSG-6, respectively. Cells reported to express TGF-6 include activated fibroblasts, synoviocytes, chondrocytes, neutrophils, proximal tubular epithelium, bronchial epithelium, endothelium, and visceral plus vascular smooth muscle (2, 8). TSG-6 has multiple functions, many of which involve the ECM. It is suggested to stabilize HA‑rich ECM. It does so by serving as an intermediary, or as a link between the individual subunits of the extracellular decameric pentraxin 3 and the surrounding hyaluronan matrix (9). It also provides structure and organization to hyaluronan. This is accomplished by a TSG-6 mediated transfer of an 80‑85 kDa protein subunit from I alpha I (inter-alpha -inhibitor) to HA. I alpha I is a four-component, 225 kDa serine protease inhibitor. It contains a protease inhibitor subunit (bikunin), two independent, accompaning protein chains (HC1 and HC2), and a short chondroitin sulfate linking moiety. TSG-6 is a catalyst for the removal and transient binding of either HC chain. Each chain is subsequently transferred and covalently-linked to the surrounding HA. This provides substance and reinforcement to the ECM (1, 2, 10, 11, 12). This disassembly of I alpha I also leads to free bikunin, which in the “free” state becomes a potent inhibitor of serine proteases (8).

Product Datasheets

Related Research Areas

• Hyaluronan (HA) and HA-binding Proteins
• Inflammatory Mediators