Key Product Details

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Human, Mouse

Cited:

Rat

Applications

Validated:

Immunohistochemistry

Cited:

Western Blot

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG
View all GDF-11/BMP-11 Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

E. coli-derived recombinant human GDF‑11/BMP‑11
Asn299-Ser407
Accession # O95390

Specificity

Detects human and mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 in direct ELISAs and Western blots.  In direct ELISAs, no cross-reactivity with recombinant human/mouse/rat GDF-8/Myostatin and less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant human BMP-6 is observed.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Goat

Isotype

IgG

Scientific Data Images for Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Antibody

GDF-11/BMP-11 antibody in Mouse Embryo by Immunohistochemistry (IHC-Fr).

GDF‑11/BMP‑11 in Mouse Embryo.

GDF‑11/BMP‑11 was detected in immersion fixed frozen sections of mouse embryo (11 d.p.c.) using Goat Anti-Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF1958) at 15 µg/mL overnight at 4 °C. Tissue was stained using the Anti-Goat HRP-DAB Cell & Tissue Staining Kit (brown; Catalog # CTS008) and counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Specific staining was localized to dorsal root ganglia. View our protocol for Chromogenic IHC Staining of Frozen Tissue Sections.

Applications for Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Antibody

Application
Recommended Usage

Immunohistochemistry

5-15 µg/mL
Sample: Immersion fixed frozen sections of mouse embryo (11 d.p.c.)

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Antigen Affinity-purified

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. For liquid material, refer to CoA for concentration.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.

Shipping

Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
  • 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
  • 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
  • 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Calculators

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

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Background: GDF-11/BMP-11

Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF-11), also known as BMP-11, is a member of the TGF-beta superfamily and is highly related to GDF-8. GDF-11 encodes a 407 amino acid (aa) prepropeptide which contains a signal sequence for secretion and an RXXR proteolytic processing site to yield a 109 aa residue carboxy-terminal mature protein (1). Mature GDF-11 contains the canonical 7-cysteine motif common to other TGF-beta superfamily members; however, like the TGF-beta s, Activins and GDF-8, GDF-11 also contains one extra pair of cysteine residues. At the amino acid sequence level, mature human, mouse, rat and chicken GDF-11 are 99‑100% identical. GDF-11 and GDF-8 share 90% amino acid sequence identity within the mature protein. As detected by in situ hybridization, GDF-11 is expressed in diverse regions of the mouse embryo: tailbud, somitic precursors, limbs, mandibular and branchial arches, dorsal neural tube, odontoblasts, nasal epithelium, and particular regions of the brain (1, 2). Likewise, a targeted deletion of GDF-11 in mice results in a spectrum of abnormalities including palatal malformation, vertebral defects, elongated trunks with a reduced or absent tail, missing or malformed kidneys, and an increased number of neurons in the olfactory epithelium (2-5). An intriguing finding in the knockout mice was that the trunk elongation was due to an increase in the number of thoracic vertebrae (4). This implicates GDF-11 as the first secreted factor to influence the specification of segmental identity in vertebrates (3). In fact, GDF-11 does regulate expression of segmental transcription factors, the Hox genes (6). GDF-11 signals through the Activin type II receptors and induces phosphorylation of Smad2 to mediate axial patterning (7). Despite the strong expression in the limb throughout development, no limb abnormalities were found in the knockout mice. However, in vitro micromass studies indicate that GDF-11 inhibits myogenic and chondrogenic cell differentiation and may impact formation and development of the limb skeleton (6).

References

  1. Gamer, L.W. et al. (1999) Dev. Biol. 208: 222.
  2. Nakashima, M. et al. (1999) Mech. Dev. 80:185.  
  3. Gad, J.M. and P.P.L. Tam (1999) Curr. Biol. 9:R783.  
  4. McPherron, A.C. et al. (1999) Nat. Genet. 22:260.
  5. Esquela, A.F. and S.J. Lee (2003) Dev. Biol. 257:356.
  6. Gamer, L.W. et al. (2001) Dev. Biol. 229:407.
  7. Oh, S.P. et al. (2002) Genes & Dev. 16:274.

Long Name

Growth Differentiation Factor 11

Alternate Names

BMP-11, BMP11, GDF11

Entrez Gene IDs

10220 (Human)

Gene Symbol

GDF11

UniProt

O95390

Additional GDF-11/BMP-11 Products

Product Documents for Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Antibody

Certificate of Analysis

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Product Specific Notices for Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Antibody

For research use only

Citations for Human/Mouse GDF‑11/BMP‑11 Antibody

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Protocols

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