Human APP695⁺¹ Antibody

Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a type I membrane protein with several human isoforms due to alternative splicing. APP770, 751, and 733 contain a Kunitz protease inhibitor (KPI) domain (residue 291‑342) and APP695 does not. APP is a cell surface molecule with many functions. It can be processed proteolytically in two different pathways. In one pathway, beta - and gamma -secretase cleave at the  beta  site between residue 670 and 671 and the gamma site between residue 711 and 714 to produce beta ‑amyloid peptide (A beta 40 and A beta 42), a major component in plaques found in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (1). The other pathway involves alpha -secretase that cleaves residues between 687 and 688. It is antiamyloidogenic due to its benign character and the prevention of the A beta peptide formation (2). Soluble APP containing the KPI domain, also referred to as protease nexin II, is a potent inhibitor of serine proteases and may have additional functions. For example, it may regulate the contact face of blood coagulation and limit thrombosis specially in brain due to its localization and coagulation factor XI inhibiting activity (3, 4).