M-CSF, also known as CSF-1, is a four-alpha -helical-bundle cytokine that is the primary regulator of macrophage survival, proliferation and differentiation. M-CSF is also essential for the survival and proliferation of osteoclast progenitors. M-CSF also primes and enhances macrophage killing of tumor cells and microorganisms, regulates the release of cytokines and other inflammatory modulators from macrophages, and stimulates pinocytosis. M-CSF increases during pregnancy to support implantation and growth of the decidua and placenta. Sources of M-CSF include fibroblasts, activated macrophages, endometrial secretory epithelium, bone marrow stromal cells and activated endothelial cells. The M-CSF receptor (c-fms) transduces its pleotropic effects and mediates its endocytosis. M-CSF mRNAs of various sizes occur. Full length human M-CSF transcripts encode a 522 amino acid (aa) type I transmembrane (TM) protein with a 464 aa extracellular region, a 21 aa TM domain, and a 37 aa cytoplasmic tail that forms a 140 kDa covalent dimer. Differential processing produces two proteolytically cleaved, secreted dimers. One is an N- and O- glycosylated 86 kDa dimer, while the other is modified by both glycosylation and chondroitin-sulfate proteoglycan (PG) to generate a 200 kDa subunit. Although PG-modified M-CSF can circulate, it may be immobilized by attachment to type V collagen. Shorter transcripts encode M-CSF that lacks cleavage and PG sites and produces an N-glycosylated 68 kDa TM dimer and a slowly produced 44 kDa secreted dimer. Although forms may vary in activity and half-life, all contain the N-terminal 150 aa portion that is necessary and sufficient for interaction with the M-CSF receptor. The first 223 aa of mature human M-CSF shares 88%, 86%, 81% and 74% aa identity with corresponding regions of dog, cow, mouse and rat M-CSF, respectively. Human M-CSF is active in the mouse, but mouse M-CSF is reported to be species-specific.
Scientific images may be resized, cropped, or adjusted for brightness or contrast for presentation purposes. These updates are limited to presentation and do not affect the underlying scientific interpretation of the data. Where available, additional source data may be provided upon request.
Key Product Details
Species Reactivity
Validated:
Human
Cited:
Human
Applications
Validated:
Western Blot, Neutralization
Cited:
Western Blot, Neutralization, Immunocytochemistry, Cell Culture
Label
Unconjugated
Antibody Source
Polyclonal Goat IgG
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Product Specifications
Immunogen
E. coli-derived recombinant human M-CSF
Glu33-Ser190
Accession # NP_757350
Glu33-Ser190
Accession # NP_757350
Specificity
Detects human M-CSF in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs, approximately 40% cross-reactivity with recombinant mouse (rm) M‑CSF is observed, and less than 1% cross-reactivity with recombinant rat M-CSF, rmSCF, and recombinant human SCF is observed.
Clonality
Polyclonal
Host
Goat
Isotype
IgG
Endotoxin Level
<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.
Scientific Data Images for Human M-CSF Antibody
Cell Proliferation Induced by M‑CSF and Neutralization by Human M‑CSF Antibody.
Recombinant Human M-CSF (Catalog # 216-MC) stimulates proliferation in the M-NFS-60 mouse myelogenous leukemia lymphoblast cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Proliferation elicited by Recombinant Human M-CSF (2.5 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Goat Anti-Human M-CSF Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF216). The ND50 is typically 0.01-0.03 µg/mL.
Human M-CSF ELISA Standard Curve
Recombinant Human M‑CSF (Catalog # 216-MC) was serially diluted and captured by Mouse Anti-Human M‑CSF Monoclonal Antibody (Catalog # MAB616) coated on a Clear Polystyrene Microplate (Catalog # DY990). Goat Anti-Human M‑CSF Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF216) was biotinylated and incubated with the protein captured on the plate. Detection of the standard curve was achieved by incubating Streptavidin-HRP (Catalog # DY998)
Detection of M-CSF by Western Blot
Potential autocrine RTK signaling in MIBC patient samples and BCa cell lines.(A) Heat map showing relative mRNA expression levels of ctRTK-cognate ligand pairs (RNA Seq V2) among 408 tumor samples from patients with MIBC [22] (left), and among 15 BCa-derived cell lines (absolute mRNA copy number, right). (B) Immunoblot detection of ctRTKs and their cognate ligands, CSF1/CSF1R, GAS6/AXL, MST1/MST1R, and evidence of DDR1, DDR2 and PTK7 proteins in 9 BCa-derived cell lines. GAPDH (bottom panel) serves as a loading control. (C) Left: heat map showing relative mRNA expression levels of 9 EMT-associated transcriptional activators (listed at right) among 408 tumor samples from patients with MIBC [22]. Samples are grouped on the horizontal axis by mRNA subtype classifications defined previously [22] indicated at the top (from left to right): neuronal (N, green); basal squamous (BS, red); luminal (L, gray); luminal infiltrating (LI, gold); luminal papillary (LP, purple), and clustered hierarchically on the vertical axis. Right: heat map showing absolute mRNA copy levels of 9 EMT-associated transcriptional activators among 15 BCa-derived cell lines (identified at bottom). Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34292953), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.Applications for Human M-CSF Antibody
Application
Recommended Usage
Western Blot
0.1 µg/mL
Sample: Recombinant Human M-CSF (Catalog # 216-MC)
Sample: Recombinant Human M-CSF (Catalog # 216-MC)
Neutralization
Measured by its ability to neutralize M‑CSF-induced proliferation in the M‑NFS‑60 mouse myelogenous leukemia lymphoblast cell line. Halenbeck, R. et al. (1989) Biotechnology 7:710. The Neutralization Dose (ND50) is typically 0.01-0.03 µg/mL in the presence of 2.5 ng/mL Recombinant Human M‑CSF.
Reviewed Applications
Read 2 reviews rated 5 using AF216 in the following applications:
Formulation, Preparation, and Storage
Purification
Antigen Affinity-purified
Reconstitution
Reconstitute at 0.2 mg/mL in sterile PBS. For liquid material, refer to CoA for concentration.
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Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose. *Small pack size (SP) is supplied either lyophilized or as a 0.2 µm filtered solution in PBS.
Shipping
Lyophilized product is shipped at ambient temperature. Liquid small pack size (-SP) is shipped with polar packs. Upon receipt, store immediately at the temperature recommended below.
Stability & Storage
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Calculators
Background: M-CSF
Long Name
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor
Alternate Names
CSF-1, CSF1, Lanimostim, MCSF
Gene Symbol
CSF1
UniProt
Additional M-CSF Products
Product Documents for Human M-CSF Antibody
Certificate of Analysis
To download a Certificate of Analysis, please enter a lot or batch number in the search box below.
Note: Certificate of Analysis not available for kit components.
Product Specific Notices for Human M-CSF Antibody
For research use only
Citations for Human M-CSF Antibody
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Customer Reviews for Human M-CSF Antibody (2)
5 out of 5
2 Customer Ratings
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Application: ELISASample Tested: EDTA PlasmaSpecies: HumanVerified Customer | Posted 07/23/2019
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Application: ELISASample Tested: Serum and PlasmaSpecies: HumanVerified Customer | Posted 11/03/2017This goat poly clonal was biotinylated upon receipt. It was then subsequently used as a detection antibody in a sandwich ELISA with the R&D Systems monoclonal MAB616. This assay was used to measure human M-CSF in serum samples.
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Protocols
Find general support by application which include: protocols, troubleshooting, illustrated assays, videos and webinars.
- Cellular Response to Hypoxia Protocols
- R&D Systems Quality Control Western Blot Protocol
- Troubleshooting Guide: Western Blot Figures
- Western Blot Conditions
- Western Blot Protocol
- Western Blot Protocol for Cell Lysates
- Western Blot Troubleshooting
- Western Blot Troubleshooting Guide
- View all Protocols, Troubleshooting, Illustrated assays and Webinars
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Associated Pathways
