Human VEGF-B167/186 Antibody
Human VEGF-B167/186 Antibody Summary
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Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
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Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: VEGF-B
Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGF-B), also known as vascular endothelial growth factor-related factor (VRF), is a member of the VEGF family of growth factors that share structural and functional similarity (1, 2). Five mammalian members, including VEGF-A, -B, -C, -D and PlGF, have been identified. VEGF family members are disulfide-linked dimeric proteins that are important regulators of physiological and pathological vasculogenesis, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. VEGF-B is expressed in most tissues, especially in heart, skeletal muscle and pancreas. In many tissues, VEGF-B is co-expressed and can heterodimerize with VEGF (3). By alternative splicing, two isoforms of mature VEGF-B containing 167 or 186 amino acid (aa) residues exist (3, 4). The two VEGF-B isoforms have identical amino-terminal cysteine-knot VEGF homology domains but the carboxyl end of VEGF-B167 differs from that of VEGF-B186 by the presence of a highly basic cysteine-rich heparin binding domain. Whereas VEGF-B186 is a secreted diffusible protein, VEGF-B167 is sequestered into the cell matrix after secretion. Both VEGF-B isoforms bind VEGF receptor 1 (VEGF R1), but not VEGF R2 or VEGF R3 (5). On endothelial cells, ligation of VEGF R1 by VEGF-B has been shown to regulate the expression and activity of urokinase type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. VEGF-B167 and a proteolytically processed form of VEGF-B186 (VEGF-B127) also bind neuropilin-1 (NP-1), a type I transmembrane receptor for semaphorins/collapsins, ligands involved in neuron guidance (6). Besides VEGF-B, NP-1 has been shown to bind PLGF-2, VEGF165 and VEGF R1 (6, 7). The many interactions of NP-1 with VEGF ligands and receptor suggests that NP-1 may function as a regulator of angiogenesis (7).
- Li, X. and U. Eriksson (2001) Int. J. Biochem Cell Biol. 33:421.
- Olofsson, B. et al. (1999) Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 10:528.
- Olofsson, B. et al. (1996) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 93:2576.
- Grimmond, S. et al. (1996) Benome Res. 6:124.
- Olofsson, B. et al. (1998) Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 95:11709.
- Makinen, T. et al. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274:21217.
- Fuh, G. et al. (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275:26690.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human VEGF-B167/186 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Chronic exposure of colorectal cancer cells to bevacizumab promotes compensatory pathways that mediate tumour cell migration.
Authors: Fan F, Samuel S, Gaur P
Br. J. Cancer, 2011;104(8):1270-7.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Effect of chemotherapeutic stress on induction of vascular endothelial growth factor family members and receptors in human colorectal cancer cells.
Authors: Fan F, Gray MJ, Dallas NA, Yang AD, Van Buren G, Camp ER, Ellis LM
Mol. Cancer Ther., 2008;7(9):3064-70.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot -
Upregulation of VEGF-A without angiogenesis in a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy caused by mitochondrial dysfunction.
Authors: Tham E, Wang J, Piehl F, Weber G
J. Histochem. Cytochem., 2002;50(7):935-44.
Species: Mouse
Sample Types: Tissue Homogenates
Applications: Western Blot -
Vascular endothelial growth factor ligands and receptors that regulate human cytotrophoblast survival are dysregulated in severe preeclampsia and hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome.
Authors: Zhou Y, 2019, McMaster M, Woo K, Janatpour M, Perry J, Karpanen T, Alitalo K, Damsky C, Fisher SJ
, 2002;160(4):1405-23.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC -
Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)-encoded cytokines induce expression of and autocrine signaling by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in HHV-8-infected primary-effusion lymphoma cell lines and mediate VEGF-independent antiapoptotic effects.
Authors: Okruzhnov Y, Nicholas J
J. Virol., 2001;75(22):10933-40.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Cell Lysates
Applications: Western Blot
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