Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) reside in the circulation, extravasate to inflammatory sites, and traffic to draining lymph nodes to initiate adaptive immune responses. Mature pDC induce T cell survival, Th1 bias, cytotoxic T lymphcyte (CTL) activity, natural killer cell (NK) cytotolytic activity, maturation of myeloid DC, and development of plasma cells. They are efficient at antigen cross-presentation and promote cross-presentation by mDC.
| pDC markers | Th17 biasing DC | Th2 biasing DC |
| Monocyte-derived DC | Immature Myeloid DC | Mature Myeloid DC |
| pDC markers | ||||
| Secreted by mature pDC | Cell surface | Intracellular | ||
| CCL3/MIP-1 alpha | Adenosine A2a R | A20/TNFAIP3 | ||
| CCL4/MIP-1 beta | B7-H2 | Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase/IDO | ||
| CCL5/RANTES | BST-2/Tetherin | IRF7 | ||
| CXCL8/IL-8 | CCR1 | TLR7 | ||
| CXCL9/MIG | CCR6 | TLR9 | ||
| CXCL10/IP-10/CRG-2 | CCR7 | |||
| Granzyme B | CD1c/BDCA-1 | |||
| IDO metabolites | CD4 | |||
| IFN-alpha | CD11c | |||
| IL-6 | CD27 Ligand/TNFSF7 | |||
| TNF-alpha | CD45RA | |||
| TRAIL/TNFSF10 | ChemR23 | |||
| CXCR2/IL-8 RB | ||||
| CXCR3 | ||||
| CXCR4 | ||||
| CXCR5 | ||||
| CXCR7/RDC-1 | ||||
| DLEC/CLEC4C/BDCA-2 | ||||
| Fc epsilon RI alpha | ||||
| IL-3 R alpha/CD123 | ||||
| LILRA4/CD85g/ILT7 | ||||
| LILRB4/CD85k/ILT3 | ||||
| L-Selectin/CD62L | ||||
| Neuropilin-1 | ||||
| Siglec-H | ||||
| Thrombomodulin/BDCA-3 | ||||
| TLR8 | ||||
| TLR12 | ||||
| VIP R1/VPAC1 | ||||
| VIP R2 | ||||
| Th17 biasing DC | |||
| adenosine | CXCL8/IL-8 | Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase/IDO | All TGF-beta |
| CD11c | IL-6 | Ly-6G/Ly-6C (Gr-1) | VEGF |
| COX2 | IL-10 | TGF-beta 1 | |
| Th2 biasing DC | ||
| DLEC/CLEC4C/BDCA2 | IL-15 | Neuropeptide Y/NPY |
| IL-4 | IL-15/IL-15 R Complex | |
| Monocyte-derived DC | ||
| G-CSF | IL-4 | iNOS |
| GM-CSF | IL-15 | TNF-alpha |
| IFN-alpha | IL-15/IL-15 R Complex | |
| Immature Myeloid DC | ||
| Cell surface | Intracellular | Recruited by |
| CCR1 | DDX1 | CCL2/JE/MCP-1 |
| CCR2 | DDX21 | CCL3/MIP-1 alpha |
| CCR3 | DHX36 | CCL4/MIP-1 beta |
| CCR4 | MARCH1 | CCL5/RANTES |
| CCR5 | NAIP5 | CCL7/MCP-3/MARC |
| CCR6 | NLRC4 | CCL20/MIP-3 alpha |
| CCR8 | NLRP3/NALP3 | CCL25/TECK |
| CLEC4E | RIG-I | CXCL1/GRO alpha/KC/CINC-1 |
| DEC-205/CD205 | CXCL5/ENA-78 | |
| VEGF R1 | CXCL12/SDF-1 | |
| VEGF R2 | ||
| Mature Myeloid DC | ||
| Secreted | Cell surface | Intracellular |
| CCL3/MIP-1 alpha | B7-1/CD80 | TLR3 |
| CCL4/MIP-1 beta | B7-2/CD86 | TLR7 |
| IL-6 | CCR3 | |
| IL-10 | CCR4 | |
| IL-12 | CCR7 | |
| IL-15 | CCR8 | |
| IL-15/IL-15 R Complex | CD1c/BDCA-1 | |
| TNF-alpha | CD40/TNFRSF5 | |
| CD58/LFA-3 | ||
| CD83 | ||
| CLEC9A | ||
| HLA-DR | ||
| ICAM-1/CD54 | ||
| MHC-II (I-A/I-E) | ||
| MMR/CD206 | ||
| Thrombomodulin/BDCA-3 | ||
| TLR4 | ||
| TLR4/MD-2 Complex | ||
| TLR8 | ||
| TLR11 | ||
| TLR13 | ||
| XCR1 | ||
Please see our resources for identifying and characterizing dendritic cell subsets.
Dendritic Cells research area
Dendritic Cell Development, Subsets, and Lineage-specific Markers research area
Dendritic Cells brochure
Mouse & Human Dendritic Cell Subsets poster
Dendritic Cells Developmental Lineage Pathway
Dendritic Cell Maturation mini-review