Bioactive Lipids and Receptors
Bioactive lipids are produced from the metabolism of cellular membrane components. The eicosanoid class of mediators includes thromboxanes, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes which are derived from the lipid metabolite arachidonic acid. Arachidonic can be released from phospholipids or diacylglycerol and then is metabolized by a range of enzymes to produce the active eicosanoids. A distinct class of bioactive lipids includes lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), sphingosine-1-phosphate (SIP), and the endocannabinoids. These molecules are derived from lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingolipids, or anandamide.
Bioactive lipids function as both paracrine and autocrine regulators, and they interact with G protein-coupled receptors on myeloid and lymphoid immune cells, smooth muscle cells, neurons, and epithelial cells. They regulate wide-ranging activities including smooth muscle contraction in the vasculature, airway, and gastrointestinal tract as well as the chemotaxis and activation of neutrophils and mast cells during inflammation. In addition, they regulate brain development, sleep, embryo implantation, hair growth, adiposity, neuropathic pain, pulmonary fibrosis, tumorigenesis, and asthma.
Leukotrienes and Receptors
- Cysteinyl Leukotriene R1/CysLTR1
- Cysteinyl Leukotriene R2/CysLTR2
- GGT5
- GPR17
- GPR31
- Leukotriene and Related Receptor Agonists
- Leukotriene and Related Receptor Antagonists
- Leukotriene B4/LTB4
- Leukotriene B4 R1
- Leukotriene B4 R2
Prostanoids and Receptors
- CRTH-2
- FPRP/PTGFRN
- p23/PTGES3
- PGD2 Synthase/PTGDS
- Prostaglandin E2/PGE2
- Prostanoid Receptor Agonists
- Prostanoid Receptor Antagonists
- Additional Prostanoid Receptor Compounds
- PTGDR
- PTGER1
- PTGER2
- PTGER3
- PTGER4/EP4
- Prostaglandin E Synthase 2/PTGES2
- PTGFR
- PTGIR
- Thromboxane A2 R/TBXA2R
- Thromboxane B2
Sphingolipid Metabolism
- ACAT1
- Arylsulfatase A/ARSA
- ASAH2/N-acylsphingosine Amidohydrolase-2
- ENPP-6
- ENPP-7/Alk-SMase
- PSAP
- SGPL1
- SMPD1
- SMPD2
- SMPD3
- Sphingosine Kinase Inhibitors
- Sphingosine Kinase 1/SPHK1
- Sphingosine Kinase 2/SPHK2
Lipid Carboxylesterases
- Carboxyl Ester Lipase/CEL
- Carboxylesterase 1/CES1
- Carboxylesterase 2/CES2
- Carboxylesterase 3/CES3
- Carboxylesterase 5/CES5
- Carboxylesterase 31-like/EG13909
- Hormone-sensitive Lipase/HSL
Phospholipase A2
- Phospholipase Activators
- Phospholipase Inhibitors
- PLA2G1B
- PLA2G2A
- PLA2G3
- PLA2G4A
- PLA2G7/PAF-AH/Lp-PLA2
- PLA2G16
- PLA2R1
Phospholipase C
- Phospholipase C Activators
- Phospholipase C Inhibitors
- PLC-beta 1
- PLC-beta 3
- PLC-beta 4
- PLC-gamma 1
- PLC-gamma 2
- PLC-delta 3
Prostaglandin and Leukotriene Metabolism
- 15-PGDH/HPGD
- COX-1
- COX-2
- Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors
- GPR31
- Hematopoietic Prostaglandin D Synthase/HPGDS
- Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase/LTA4H
- Leukotriene A4 Hydrolase/LTA4H Inhibitors
- Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
- 5-Lipoxygenase
- OXER1
- p23/PTGES3
- PGD2 Synthase/PTGDS
- Prostaglandin E2/PGE2
- Prostaglandin E Synthase 2/PTGES2
- Prostaglandin I2 Synthase
- Synthase/Synthetase Inhibitors
Other Bioactive Lipid Receptors
- Cannabinoid R1/CB1/CNR1
- Cannabinoid R1/CB1 Receptor Ligand
- Cannabinoid R1/CB1 Agonists
- Cannabinoid R1/CB1 Antagonists
- Cannabinoid R1/CB1 Modulators
- Cannabinoid R2/CB2/CNR2
- Cannabinoid R2/CB2 Receptor Ligands
- Cannabinoid R2/CB2 Agonists
- Cannabinoid Transporter Inhibitors
- FFAR1/GPR40
- FFAR2/GPR43
- FFAR3/GPR41
- FFAR4/GPR120
- G2A/GPR132
- GPR12
- GPR32
- GPR34
- GPR45
- GPR84
- GPR87
- GPR119
- LPAR1/LPA1/EDG-2
- LPAR2/LPA2/EDG-4
- LPAR3/LPA3/EDG-7
- LPAR4/LPA4
- LPAR5/LPA5/GPR92
- LPAR6/P2RY5
- OXER1
- P2Y Receptor Agonists
- P2Y Receptor Antagonists
- P2Y10/P2RY10
- PAFR
- S1P1/EDG-1
- S1P2/EDG-5
- S1P4/EDG-6
- S1P5/EDG-8
- Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor Agonists
- Sphingosine-1-phosphate Receptor Antagonists