Human CTLA-4 Antibody
Human CTLA-4 Antibody Summary
Ala37-Phe162
Accession # Q6GR94
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Applications
Please Note: Optimal dilutions should be determined by each laboratory for each application. General Protocols are available in the Technical Information section on our website.
Scientific Data
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Detection of Human CTLA‑4 by Western Blot. Western blot shows lysates of NS0 mouse myeloma cell line either mock transfected or transfected with human CTLA-4. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-Human CTLA-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-386-PB) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for CTLA-4 at approximately 50 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.
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CTLA‑4 in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. CTLA-4 was detected in immersion fixed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells treated with treated with PMA and calcium ionomycin using Goat Anti-Human CTLA-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-386-PB) at 15 µg/mL for 3 hours at room temperature. Cells were stained using the NorthernLights™ 557-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (red; Catalog # NL001) and counterstained with DAPI (blue). Specific staining was localized to cell surfaces. View our protocol for Fluorescent ICC Staining of Non-adherent Cells.
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Detection of CTLA‑4 in NS0 Mouse Cell Line Co-transfected with CTLA-4 and eGFP by Flow Cytometry. NS0 mouse myeloma cell line co-transfected with human CTLA-4 and eGFP was stained with either (A) Goat Anti-Human CTLA-4 Antigen Affinity-purified Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AF-386-PB) or (B) Normal Goat IgG Control (Catalog # AB-108-C) followed by Allophycocyanin-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # F0108).
Reconstitution Calculator
Preparation and Storage
- 12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
- 1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
- 6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
Background: CTLA-4
CTLA-4 and CD28, together with their ligands B7-1 and B7-2, constitute one of the dominant costimulatory pathways that regulate T- and B-cell responses. CTLA-4 and CD28 are structurally homologous molecules that are members of the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily. Both CTLA-4 and CD28 are composed of a single
Ig V‑like extracellular domain, a transmembrane domain and an intracellular domain. CTLA-4 and CD28 are both expressed on the cell surface as disulfide-linked homodimers or as monomers. The genes encoding these two molecules are closely linked on human chromosome 2. CTLA-4 was originally identified as a gene that was specifically expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. However, CTLA-4 transcripts have since been found in both Th1 and Th2, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clones. Whereas CD28 expression is constitutive on the surfaces of 95% of CD4+ T cells and 50% of CD8+ T cells and is down regulated upon T cell activation, CTLA-4 expression is upregulated rapidly following T cell activation and peaks approximately 24 hours following activation. Although both CTLA-4 and CD28 can bind to the same ligands, CTLA-4 binds to B7-1 and B7-2 with 20‑100‑fold higher affinity than CD28. The physiological role of CTLA-4 in T cell costimulation is currently being studied.
- Lenschow, D.J. et al. (1996) Annu. Rev. Immunol. 14:233.
- Hathcock, K.S. and R.J. Hodes (1996) Advances in Immunol. 62:131.
- Ward, S.G. (1996) Biochem. J. 318:361.
Product Datasheets
Citations for Human CTLA-4 Antibody
R&D Systems personnel manually curate a database that contains references using R&D Systems products. The data collected includes not only links to publications in PubMed, but also provides information about sample types, species, and experimental conditions.
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Antibody and fragment-based PET imaging of CTLA-4+ T-cells in humanized mouse models
Authors: EB Ehlerding, HJ Lee, D Jiang, CA Ferreira, CD Zahm, P Huang, JW Engle, DG McNeel, W Cai
Am J Cancer Res, 2019;9(1):53-63.
Species: Xenograft
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-Fr -
PD-L1 expression and its relationship with oncogenic drivers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: L Jiang, X Su, T Zhang, X Yin, M Zhang, H Fu, H Han, Y Sun, L Dong, J Qian, Y Xu, X Fu, PR Gavine, Y Zhou, K Tian, J Huang, D Shen, H Jiang, Y Yao, B Han, Y Gu
Oncotarget, 2017;8(16):26845-26857.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC -
Inhibitory receptors are expressed by Trypanosoma cruzi-specific effector T cells and in hearts of subjects with chronic Chagas disease.
Authors: Arguello RJ, Albareda MC, Alvarez MG, Bertocchi G, Armenti AH, Vigliano C, Meckert PC, Tarleton RL, Laucella SA
PLoS ONE, 2012;7(5):e35966.
Species: Human
Sample Types: Whole Tissue
Applications: IHC-P
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