TGF‑ beta 2 Antibody

Name: TGF‑ beta 2 Antibody
Brand: R&D Systems
SKU: AB-112-NA
Price: 549 USD
Availability: InStock

R&D Systems | Catalog # AB-112-NA

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Citations (20)

Product Documents

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Product Specifications
Scientific Data
Applications
Preparation & Storage
Calculators
Background
Product Documents
Specific Notices
Research Areas

Key Product Details

Validated by

Biological Validation

Species Reactivity

Validated:

Multi-Species

Cited:

Human, Mouse

Applications

Validated:

Western Blot, Neutralization, Simple Western

Cited:

Western Blot, Flow Cytometry, ELISA Capture

Label

Unconjugated

Antibody Source

Polyclonal Goat IgG

View all TGF-beta 2 Primary Antibodies »

Product Specifications

Immunogen

Porcine platelet-derived TGF-beta 2

Specificity

Detects TGF-beta 2 in direct ELISAs and Western blots. In direct ELISAs and Western blots, this antibody is highly specific for TGF-beta 2 andTGF‑ beta 1.2 but will cross-react with other TGF-beta variants with at least 100-fold lower sensitivity. It will also neutralize the biological activity of TGF-beta 1.2, at a 50 fold higher IgG concentration.

Clonality

Polyclonal

Host

Goat

Isotype

IgG

Endotoxin Level

<0.10 EU per 1 μg of the antibody by the LAL method.

Scientific Data Images for TGF‑ beta 2 Antibody

Detection of Human TGF‑ beta 2 by Western Blot.

Western blot shows lysates of human heart tissue and human breast cancer tissue. PVDF membrane was probed with 0.25 µg/mL of Goat Anti-TGF-beta 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-112-NA) followed by HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF017). A specific band was detected for TGF-beta 2 at approximately 70 kDa (as indicated). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using Immunoblot Buffer Group 1.

Detection of Human TGF‑ beta 2 by Simple Western^TM.

Simple Western lane view shows lysates of human heart tissue and human breast cancer tissue, loaded at 0.2 mg/mL. A specific band was detected for TGF-beta 2 at approximately 63 kDa (as indicated) using 2.5 µg/mL of Goat Anti-TGF-beta 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-112-NA) followed by 1:50 dilution of HRP-conjugated Anti-Goat IgG Secondary Antibody (Catalog # HAF109). This experiment was conducted under reducing conditions and using the 12-230 kDa separation system.

TGF‑ beta 2 Inhibition of IL‑4-dependent Cell Proliferation and Neutralization by TGF‑ beta 2 Antibody.

Porcine TGF-beta 2 (Catalog # 102-B2) inhibits Recombinant Mouse IL-4 (Catalog # 404-ML) induced proliferation in the HT-2 mouse T cell line in a dose-dependent manner (orange line). Inhibition of Recombinant Mouse IL-4 (7.5 ng/mL) activity elicited by Porcine TGF-beta 2 (1 ng/mL) is neutralized (green line) by increasing concentrations of Sheep Anti-TGF-beta 2 Polyclonal Antibody (Catalog # AB-112-NA). The ND₅₀ is typically 0.3-1.5 µg/mL.

Detection of Mouse TGF-beta 2 by Flow Cytometry

The phenotypic characterization of DCs treated with 50% CSC culture supernatant in presence of neutralizing TGF-beta 2 antibody, measured by flow cytometry. The expression of each surface molecule (filled) compared to the respective isotype control (empty). Representative example of three experiments. Image collected and cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22933838), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

Detection of Mouse TGF-beta 2 by Flow Cytometry

Detection of Human TGF-beta 2 by Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence

Quantification of soluble collagen content in the media&matrix. (C, D) Representative Second harmonic generated (SHG) images (scale bar = 50 μm) of collagen fibrils at day 25 are shown along with the quantification of signal intensities. The SHG signals from the collagen secreted by NHLF embedded in rat tail collagen gels which co-cultured with the IL-13 pre-treated NHBE at 10 ng/ml are elevated compared to the untreated NHBE co-culture; * p < 0.01&this increase is inhibited on incubation with TGF beta 2 neutralizing antibody in the 3 day co-culture period (§ p < 0.01 compared to respective condition without TGF beta 2 antibody). Addition of goat IgG did not alter the increased levels of collagen in the matrix&media in the pre-treated NHBE-NHLF co-culture. Image collected & cropped by CiteAb from the following open publication (https://respiratory-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1465-99…), licensed under a CC-BY license. Not internally tested by R&D Systems.

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Applications for TGF‑ beta 2 Antibody

Application

Recommended Usage

Simple Western

2.5 µg/mL
Sample: Human heart tissue and human breast cancer tissue

Western Blot

0.25 µg/mL
Sample: Human heart tissue and human breast cancer tissue

Neutralization

Measured by its ability to neutralize TGF‑ beta 2 inhibition of IL‑4-dependent proliferation in the HT‑2 mouse T cell line [Tsang, M. et al. (1995) Cytokine 7:389]. The Neutralization Dose (ND₅₀) is typically 0.3-1.5 µg/mL in the presence of 1 ng/mL Porcine TGF‑ beta 2 and 7.5 ng/mL Recombinant Mouse IL‑4.

Formulation, Preparation, and Storage

Purification

Protein A or G purified

Reconstitution

Reconstitute at 1 mg/mL in sterile PBS.

Formulation

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution in PBS with Trehalose.

Shipping

The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature recommended below.

Stability & Storage

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70 °C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
6 months, -20 to -70 °C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.

Calculators

The reconstitution calculator allows you to quickly calculate the volume of a reagent to reconstitute your vial. Simply enter the mass of reagent and the target concentration and the calculator will determine the rest.

Volume (to add to vial)

Mass (in vial)

Desired Reconstitution Concentration

Background: TGF-beta 2

TGF-beta 2 (transforming growth factor beta 2) is one of three closely related mammalian members of the large TGF-beta superfamily that share a characteristic cysteine knot structure (1-7). TGF-beta 1, -2 and -3 are highly pleiotropic cytokines proposed to act as cellular switches that regulate processes such as immune function, proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (1-4). Each TGF-beta isoform has some non-redundant functions; for TGF-beta 2, mice with targeted deletion show defects in development of cardiac, lung, craniofacial, limb, eye, ear and urogenital systems (2). Human TGF-beta 2 cDNA encodes a 414 amino acid (aa) precursor that contains a 19 aa signal peptide and a 395 aa proprotein (8). A furin-like convertase processes the proprotein to generate an N-terminal 232 aa latency-associated peptide (LAP) and a C-terminal 112 aa mature TGF- beta 2 (8, 9). Disulfide-linked homodimers of LAP and TGF-beta 2 remain non-covalently associated after secretion, forming the small latent TGF-beta 1 complex (8-10). Covalent linkage of LAP to one of three latent TGF-beta binding proteins (LTBPs) creates a large latent complex that may interact with the extracellular matrix (9, 10). TGF-beta is activated from latency by pathways that include actions of the protease plasmin, matrix metalloproteases, thrombospondin 1 and a subset of integrins (10). Mature human TGF-beta 2 shows 100% aa identity with porcine, canine, equine and bovine TGF-beta 2, and 97% aa identity with mouse and rat TGF-beta 2. It demonstrates cross-species activity (1). TGF-beta 2 signaling begins with binding to a complex of the accessory receptor betaglycan (also known as TGF-beta RIII) and a type II ser/thr kinase receptor termed TGF-beta RII. This receptor then phosphorylates and activates another ser/thr kinase receptor, TGF-beta RI (also called activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) -5), or alternatively, ALK-1. The whole complex phosphorylates and activates Smad proteins that regulate transcription (3, 11, 12). Use of other signaling pathways that are Smad-independent allows for disparate actions observed in response to TGF-beta in different contexts (11).