Podocyte Markers

Podocytes Cell Overview

Podocytes are specialized epithelial cells that cover the abluminal surfaces of glomerular capillaries. They extend branching and interdigitating foot processes connected by slit diaphragms rich in Nephrin, Kirrel/NEPH, and Podocin. Slit diaphragms contribute to the selectivity of the filtration barrier, allowing free filtration of water and small solutes but not macromolecules. Podocytes attach to the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) through Syndecan, Dystroglycan, and Integrin a3b1 adhesion which transduce signals to regulate filtration. Barrier dysfunction results from podocyte detachment, genetic mutation of adhesion proteins, inflammation, metabolic disorders, and diabetes. Podocyte injury leads to Albumin loss through the filtration barrier (proteinuria), an early indicator of kidney damage. Progression of the damage leads to nephrotic syndrome, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and end stage renal disease (ESRD), conditions which require kidney dialysis or transplantation.